indian-coast-guard-bharatiya-thatrakshak

The Indian Coast Guard is the fourth service created to guard Republic of India’s vast coastline. It was created on 19 August 1978 as an independent entity as per the Coast Guard Act. Indian Coast Guard is an Armed forces of India and, ICG is not a part of the Indian Paramilitary Forces. .

The coast guard works closely with the Indian navy and the Indian Customs Department. India’s coast guard has a large number of fast craft including hovercrafts and hydrofoils. They patrol the seas, river mouths and also lakes in Kashmir bordering the People’s Republic of China.
The coast guard has performed a number of commendable tasks of rescuing distressed personnel as well as apprehending pirates on high seas. Heavy patrolling of sensitive areas such as Gujarat, West Bengal and Mumbai have resulted in a huge catch of smugglers and illegal immigrants.
Objectives
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To protect the ocean.
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Protect offshore wealth such as Oil, Fish and Minerals.
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Assist Mariners in distress.
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Safeguard life and property at sea.
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Enfore maritime laws with respect to sea, smuggling, narcotics, shipping and poaching.
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Assist the Indian Navy in times of war
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Motto: Vayam Rakshamah — We Protect
Our Motto
To protect our ocean and offshore wealth including oil, fish and minerals : to assist mariners in distress and safeguard life and property at sea : to enforce maritime laws with respect to sea, shipping, poaching, smuggling and narcotics : to preserve marine environment and ecology and protect rare species : to collect scientific data and back-up the navy during war
” VAYAM RAKSHAMAH “
WE PROTECT
OUR SERVICES TO THE NATION & MARINE COMMUNITY
The Coast Guard is the principal agency for enforcement of provisions of all national enactment in force in the maritime zones of India and provides following services to the Nation and marine community.
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Ensuring safety and protection of the artificial islands, offshore installations and other structure in our maritime zones.
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Providing protection to fishermen and assistance to them at sea while in distress.
Preservation and protection of our maritime environment including prevention and control of maritime pollution.
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Assistance to the Department of Custom and other authorities in anti-smuggling operations.
Enforcement of MZI Acts.
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Initiating measures for the safety of life and property at sea.
History
In 1974, the Government of India set out to create an autonomous coast guard to protect the nation’s long coast line. This coast guard was modelled on the lines of the British and American coast guards.
In August 1976, the Maritime Zones of India Act was passed, which defined the Exclusive Economic Zones surrounding the Indian sub-continent where Indian sovereignty would be applied.
On 1 February 1977 an interim Coast Guard organisation was established, with the help of the Indian Navy, which began to put into place the necessary infrastructure for a national maritime policing service. The duties and functions of the service were formally defined in Coast Guard Act, which was passed on the 18 August 1978, and came into effect on the 19 August. The Coast Guard was to become responsible for the policing of over 2.01 million square kilometres of ocean, with the stated objective of providing offshore security, marine environmental security, coastal security, marine safety, scientific assistance and national defence. The area under it’s control was to include 1197 islands and a coastline of 7517 kilometres.
Begining in 1978 with two old frigates seconded by the Navy and five small patrol vessels, the ICG expanded over the following two decades to attain a force level of 52 ships and craft and 35 aircraft and helicopters. An Air Wing was formed in 1982 with Indian Navy assistance to aid the surface fleet. The first helicopter Squadron was formally commissioned in May 1982 and the first fixed-wing unit was activated in 1982.
Bases
The Coast Guard is headed by a Director General. Its headquarters is based in the capital, New Delhi. It has:
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3 Regional headquarters at Mumbai, Chennai, and Port Blair
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1 District Headquarters in each of the nine coastal states and 2 in the Union territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep Islands.
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4 Coast Guard Stations, one each at Vadinar, Okha, Tuticorin and Mandapam.
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It also has aerodromes in Daman and Chennai
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Air Enclaves at Goa, Kolkata and Port Blair.
Current Status
The duties of the Air Wing are defined as: Air Surveillance of the EEZ, Ensuring Pollution Prevention measures, Providing Assistance to Fishermen and Search and Rescue. In recent years it has achieved some major successes in anti-piracy operations. The service carries out regular operations and exercies with the Indian Navy, to maximise operational efficiency.
Future Plans
The ICG has plans for an eventual fleet of 36 light observation helicopters, 12 rescue helicopters, 36 coastal patrol aircraft and 9 long range surveillance aircraft.
For details visit indiancoastguard.nic.in

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indian-army

The Indian Army is the world’s second largest army in terms of military personnel. The basic responsibility of the Army is to safeguard the territorial integrity of the nation against external aggressio. In addition, the Army is often required to assist the civil administration during internal security disturbances and in the mainntenance of law and order, in organising relief operations during natural calamities like floods, earthquakes and cyclones and in the maintenance of essential services.
The Indian Army is one of the finest armies in the world. Modernisation and upgradation of Army is a continuous process to keep Armed Forces ready to meet any challenge of tomorrow. It is based on fiver years plans. Focus and core areas of modernisation has been:-

• Improvement in the Fire Power and increased Mobiliy
• All Weather Battle Field Surveillance capability
• Night Fighting capabilities
• Enhace capability of Special Force
• Capability for Network Centric Warfare
• NBC Protection

Army has its headquarters in New Delhi.
It is head by Chief of the Army Staff and assisted by the Vice-Chief of the Army Staff and seven other Principal Staff Officers, namely, two Deputy Chief of Army Staff, Ajutant General, Quarter Master General, Master General of Ordinance, Military Secretary and Engineer-in-Chief. The army has following commands

S.No.	Command	Headquarter
1	Western command	Chandigarh
2	Eastern command	Kolkata
3	Northern command	56 APO
4	Southern command	Pune
5	Central command	Lucknow
6	Army Training Command	Shimla
7	South Western Command	Jaipur

Each under a General officer Commanding-n-Chief of the rank of a Lieutant-General. The Major Static Formation are divided into Areas, Independent Sub-Areas and sub-areas. Area is commanded by a General Officer Commanding of the rank of a Major General and an Independent Sub-Area and sub-area by a Brigadier.
Indian army is divided broadly into two main categories:-

1. Arms
2. Services

Indian Army consists of following ranks:-

1. General
2. Lt. General
3. Major General
4. Brigadier
5. Colonel
6. Lt. Colonel
7. Major
8. Captain
9. Lieutenant

Following are the Military Training Centers in India.

Military Training Centers	Place
National Defence Academy	Khadakvasla (Pune, Maharashtra)
Indian Military Academy	Dehra Dun (Uttaranchal)
Rashtriya Indian Military College	Dehra Dun (Uttaranchal)
National Defence College	New Delhi
Defence Services Staff College	Welliington
Armed Forces Medical College	Pune (Maharashtra)
Officer’s Training School	Chennai (Tamil Nadu)
College of Combat, Mhow (Army War College) Armoured Corps Centre and School	Deolali
College of Military Engineering	Kirkee (Pune) (Maharashtra)
Military College of Telecommunications Engineering	Secunderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
Army Cadet College	Dehra Dun (Uttaranchal)
College of Material Management	Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh)
High Altitude Warfare School	Gulmarg (J & K)
Army Service Corps School	Bareilly (UP)
EME School	Secunderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
Millitary College of Electronics and Mechnical Engineering, Remount and veterinary Corps Centre and School	Merrut (UP)
Army Educational Corps Training School and Depot	Pune (Maharashtra)
Corpse of Military Police Centre and School	Bengaluru (Karnataka)
Army School of Physical Training	Pune (Maharashtra)
Army/Air Transport Support School	Agra (UP)
Army Clerk Training School	Aurangabad (Maharashtra)
Army School of Mechanical Transport	Bengaluru (Karnataka)
Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School	Vairengte
Institution of Nation Integration	Pune (Maharshtra)

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indian-air-force

Brief History
The Indian Air Force (IAF) was established as the ”Royal Indian Air Force” by the passing of the Indian Air Force act on October_8 1932. Accordingly, IAF’s Number 1 Squadron came into being on April_1 1933. Initially, the IAF consisted of five fighter pilots, one RAF commanding officer and four ”Westland Wapiti Biplanes”.
The first five pilots commissioned into the Indian Air Force were H C Sircar, Subroto Mukerjee, Bhupendra Singh, A B Awan and Amarjeet Singh. A sixth officer, S N Tandon had to revert to Ground duties as he was too short. All of them were commissioned as ”Pilot Officers” in 1933. Subroto Mukerjee later went on to become the IAF’s first Indian Chief of Air Staff. Subsequent batches inducted before World_War_2 included Aspy Engineer, K K Majumdar, Narendra, R H D Singh, S N Goyal, Baba Mehar Singh, Prithpal Singh and Arjan Singh.
In 1991 the government approved the induction of women into nontechnical air force officer billets, such as administration, logistics, accounting, education, and meteorology. In 1992 opportunities for “pioneer women officers” were opened in the areas of transportation, helicopters, and navigation, and the first group of thirteen women cadets entered the Air Force Academy. During their flight training, they qualified on HPT-32 and Kiran aircraft to earn their air force commissions. After completing ten months’ training, five of the seven successful course graduates received further training on various transport aircraft. By 1994, there were fifty-five women officers in the air force.
In 1994 it had 110,000 personnel and 779 combat aircraft. The air force, which is headquartered in New Delhi, is headed by the chief of air staff, an air chief marshal. He is assisted by six principal staff officers: the vice chief of air staff, the deputy chief of air staff, the air officer in charge of administration, the air officer in charge of personnel, the air officer in charge of maintenance, and the inspector general of flight safety.
The Indian air force was equipped with twenty-two squadrons of ground attack fighters. Five of these squadrons had a total of eighty-nine British Jaguar aircraft. Another five squadrons had 120 Soviet-origin MiG-27 aircraft. The air force also fielded twenty fighter squadrons, two of which were equipped with a total of thirty-five French-built Mirage 2000 H/TH aircraft. There were also twelve squadrons of transport aircraft in the inventory. Because of the large number of Soviet-origin aircraft, the air force is dependent on Russia for spare parts and equipment and weapons upgrades. In March 1995, Russia agreed to upgrade India’s MiG-21 aircraft.
Aside from the Training Command at Bangalore, the center for primary flight training is located at the Air Force Academy at Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, followed by operational training at various air force schools. Advanced training is also conducted at the Defence Services Staff College; specialized advanced flight training schools are located at Bidar, Karnataka, and Hakimpet, Andhra Pradesh (also the location for helicopter training). Technical schools are found at a number of other locations.
Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force (IAF) today, having completed more than six decades of dedicated service to the nation, is a modern, technology-intensive force distinguished by its commitment to excellence and professionalism. Keeping space with the demands of contemporary advancements, the IAF continues to modernise in a phased manner and today it stands as a credible air power as the nation marches into the next millennium.
With the ever escalating costs of operations, great emphasis is being placed on cost effective training, reducing expenditure, optimising output and minimising wastage. The Air Force has implemented a number of measures to enhance the quality of life of its personnel in Key welfare areas of housing, education and hostel facilities.
In addition to the traditional wartime roles of the IAF of counter air, counter surface, strategic and combat support operations, the Air Force has provided significant aid to civil authorities during natural calamities like the Gujarat cyclone and the Malpa tragedy. The Siachen glacier lifeline continues to be monitored by the Indian Air Force, fully supporting the Indian Army in fighting on the world’s highest battlefield. The IAF has also provided aid to civil authorities for the large scale movement of military and para military personnel to maintain law and order as well as to cater for the needs of a large number of airmen and jawans in remote and inaccessible outposts.
IAF Commands
The Indian Air Force has seven commands, of which five are operational and two functional, namely :
* HQ Central Air Command, Allahabad;
* HQ Eastern Air Command, Shillong;
* HQ Western Air Command, New Delhi;
* HQ Southern Air Command, Trivendrum;
* HQ South-Western Air Command, Gandhi Nagar;
* HQ Maintenance Command, Nagpur; and
* HQ Training Command, Bangalore.
The Indian Air Force is divided into the following broad categories :
- Flying operations;
- Maintenance & Logistics;
- Administration; and
- Training.
On 15 Aug 1947, the Air Force Training Establishments located in India were:

• Initial Training Wing, Coimbatore formed on 11 Jul 46.
• Elementary Flying Training School, Jodhpur formed on Jul 42.
• Advanced Flying Training School, Ambala formed on Jul 41.
• No.1 Ground Training School, Jalahalli formed on Jul 47.
• No.2 Ground Training School, Tamabaram formed on Feb 47

Currently we have following are the AirForce Training Centers in India.

AirForce Training Centers	Place
Air Force Administrative College	Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu)
Air Force Academy	Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
Air Force Technical College	Jalahalli
Air Force School	Sambre, Belgaum
Flying Instructors’ School	Tambaram (Tamil Nadu)
Elementrary Flying School	Bidar (Karnataka)
Fighter Training and Transport	Hakimpur and Yelahanka (Karnataka)
Training Wings of the Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine	Bangluru (Karnataka)
Paratroopers Training School	Agra (Uttar Pradesh)
Navigation and Signal School	Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
College of Air Warfare	Secunderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
Ground Training Institutes	Vadodara (Gujarat) and Barrackpur (West Bengal)

Official Website of Indian Air Force

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